1st Class Pro Lawn Weed Information

Types of Weeds and Weed Grasses
Image	Type	Growth	Description
	Black Medic 'Medicago lupulina'	Appears from May thru September	With its three leaflet, cloverlike leaves, this legume is often confused with white clover. Low growing, with trailing, slightly hairy stems, it produces clusters of small, bright yellow flowers in late spring to early summer. It is especially prevalent in dry soils where turf is spotty and in high-phosphorus soils. Though an annual, it can be as persistent as a perennial.
	Broadleaf Plantain 'Plantago majo'	Appears in midspring with seedstalks appearing in summer thru September	Broadleaf plantain has gray-green, egg-shaped, wavy-edged leaves growing in ground-hugging rosettes. Narrow seed heads appear in a long cluster on a central, upright stem.
	Clover 'Trifolium repens'	Appears from May to September	The leaves are compound, with 3 broad leaflets (sometimes 4, if you're lucky!) 1.3 - 2.5 cm long, with tiny teeth on the edges, a pale triangular mark appears on each leaflet.
	Crabgrass 'Digitaria'	Appears in the early spring to early fall.	Smooth and hairy crabgrass have a prostate growth habit with coarse, light green blades. The blades are short, pointed, and hairy. This vigorous, warm-season annual grass grows rapidly from early spring until seed heads form in late summer to early fall. It grows especially well in lawns that are watered lightly, underfertilized, poorly drained, and growing thinly. The plant spreads by seed, and to a lesser extent, by rooting from the lower swollen nodes of stems.
	Curly Dock 'Rumex crispus'	Appear in the spring	Bright, shiny green, lance-shaped leaves appear in spring. In summer and fall, the puckered, wavy edges of the leaves are tinted reddish-purple. Small greenish flowers appear on a tall, narrow spike coming from the center of the plant.
	Dallis Grass 'Paspalum dilatatum'	Appears mostly in the summer	Course blades, somewhat upright in a bunch-type growth. Rhizomes are so closely jointed that they appear almost scaly. Stems 2 to 6 inches long emerge from the plant center in a starlike pattern. Seed heads are sparsely branched on long stems. Seeds lie dormant over the winter and sprout very early in the spring.
	Dandelion 'Taraxacum officinale'	Appears in early spring thru fall	Everyone recognizes the bright yellow flowers of dandelions. They appear in early spring and are followed by puffy seed heads. They arise from rosettes of lance-shaped leaves. The plants reproduce from a long taproot, and from seeds. Seedlings can germinate at any time throughout the growing season.
	English Daisy 'Bellis perennis'	Appears in the spring thru fall	Leaves of this perennial vary from nearly smooth to hairy, and form an extremely dense cluster. The daisylike flowers growing on 2-inch stalks have bright yellow centers highlighted with white to pinkish outer rays.
	Ground Ivy 'Glechoma hederaceae'	Appear from April to June	Also called creeping Charlie, is a common lawn weed problem. Lawns in shaded areas and often with poorly drained fertile soil are typical sites for ground ivy to develop into a major problem. This plant may form extensive patches as it creeps along the soil and can move into sun areas. Stems are square. Leaves are arranged opposite of each other along stems, and are round to somewhat kidney-shaped with rounded, toothed margins. Crushed leaves have a minty odor. Ground ivy has small funnel-shaped, purplish-blue flowers.
	Mouse-ear Chickweed 'Cerastium fontanum vulgare'	Appears in late spring to early summer	The name of this weed offers a clue to its appearance. It has long, narrow, fleshy leaves that look fuzzy. Small, white flowers appear in late spring and early summer, followed by seed heads in mid summer. This weed grows most actively during spring and early summer when it spreads by means of creeping stems that root at the nodes. It grows close to the ground and can withstand low mowing.
	Oxalis 'Oxalidaceae'		Has bright yellow flowers and green leaves. It grows upright. This weed is a perennial with seeds and rootstocks so that it sometimes appears to be a creeping vine. The leaves and stems are often purple or reddish.
	Purslane 'Portulaca oleracea'	Appears with hot, dry weather	Sprawling, thick, fleshy stems with rubbery leaves. Tiny, yellow, five-petaled flowers open when the sun is shining brightly. Cup-shaped seedpods produce many small, black seeds that may lie dormant in the soil for years. Seldom found in the spring when the lawn is treated for other weeds.
	Quackgrass 'Agropyron repens'	Appears in spring and fall	Quackgrass is characterized by light green to blue-green coarse blades that are rough on their upper surface. If not mowed, it can grow 5 feet or more in a single season. Narrow flower spikes rising from the plant resemble rye or wheat. The plant spreads by large, white rhizomes. Quackgrass also turns brown in the summer.
	Speedwell 'Veronica officinalis'	Appear from late winter to early spring	There are several types of speedwell, all characterized by small, lobed, and numerous leaves, and by tiny white or purple flowers. The scallop-edged leaves are paired, growing opposite each other. Heart-shaped seed pods grow on the stems below the flowers.
	Leafy Spurge 'Euphorbia esula'	Appears in the early spring	6 to 36 inches in height. Erect stems support linear, alternate, and apetiolate leaves of a bluish-green hue. The species exhibits yellow-green inflorescence on an umbel near the top of the stem. The yellow-green bracts are the most colorful and conspicuous part of the plant. A milky white sap (latex) is present in all parts of the plant, and aids in identification.
	Tall Fescue 'Festuca arundinacea'	Appears from Spring to early Summer	Tall fescue does produce short rhizomes but has a bunch-type growth habit - it spreads primarily by erect tillers. Individual tillers, or stems, terminate in an inflorescence, reach 3 to 4 feet in height, and have broad, dark green basal leaves. Leaf blades are glossy on the underside and serrated on the margins. The leaf sheath is smooth and the ligule is a short membrane.
	Wild Violet 'Viola Pratincola'	Appear from March to June	Wild violet is a winter perennial, growing 2-5 inches tall. It can have a tap root or a fibrous root system, and also can produce rooting stolons and rhizomes. The leaves can vary but usually are heart-shaped, on long petioles with scalloped to shallow rounded margins. The flowers of wild violet range from white to blue to purple. Wild violet flowers are pansy-like with three lower petals and two lateral petals on long single flower stalks.
	Yellow Nutsedge 'Cyperus esculentus'	Appears from July to October	Though it resembles a grass, yellow nutsedge is actually a sedge. Its' course, light green leaves grow upright from triangular stems. Seed heads appear from July to October.